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Compare Arctic Ocean (2004) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2005)

Compare Arctic Ocean (2004) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2005)

 Arctic Ocean (2004)Turks and Caicos Islands (2005)
 Arctic OceanTurks and Caicos Islands
Administrative divisions - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure - 0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,396/female 3,277)


15-64 years: 63.8% (male 6,900/female 6,220)


65 years and over: 3.7% (male 342/female 421) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products - corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports - 8 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area total: 14.056 million sq km


note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies		 total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean. The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate - 22.23 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget - revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital - Grand Turk
Climate polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline 45,389 km 389 km
Constitution - introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name - conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Death rate - 4.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external - NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international some maritime disputes (see littoral states) have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Economic aid - recipient - $4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals. The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the annual 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption - 4.65 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production - 5 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m


highest point: sea level 0 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Ethnic groups - black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005)


head of government: Chief Minister Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports - NA
Exports - commodities - lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners - US, UK
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description - blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $11,500 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 90 00 N, 0 00 E 21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways - total: 121 km


paved: 24 km


unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports - NA
Imports - commodities - food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners - US, UK
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate - total: 15.67 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 18.11 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4% (1995)
International organization participation - Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Irrigated land - NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court
Labor force - 4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries - 0 km
Land use - arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (2001)
Languages - English (official)
Legal system - based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 74.51 years


male: 72.28 years


female: 76.84 years (2005 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references Arctic Region Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims - territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday - Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality - noun: none


adjective: none
Natural hazards ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May frequent hurricanes
Natural resources sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales) spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate - 11.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
People - note - destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders - People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population - 20,556 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 2.9% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US) Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions - Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing


domestic: full range of services available


international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations - 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)
Terrain central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge) low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate - 3.08 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Transportation - note sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways -
Unemployment rate - 10% (1997 est.)
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